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Supplementary material The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: Glossary Acrylate copolymer ACUDYNE DHR copolymer Akemi AKEMI anti-fleck super ALI air-liquid interface AOP adverse outcome pathway BAC Benzalkonium chloride BE PVM/MA Butyl ester of poly (methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid monoethyl ester) copolymer BER bioactivity exposure ratio C max maximum plasma concentration CBF cilia beating frequency CCL chemokine (C-C motif) ligand CDS Concentration Dependency Scores CFPD computational fluid-particle dynamics Chlorocresol 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol CMC Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CXCL C-X-C motif chemokine ligand DART development and reproductive toxicity FCS fetal calf serum GSH Reduced glutathione GSSH oxidized glutathione HBSS Hanks Balanced Salt solution ICAM-1 intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection IFN interferon IL-1Ra IL-1 receptor antagonist KE key event LPS lipopolysaccharide LV latent variable MCC mucociliary clearance MIE molecular initiating event MMAD mass median aerodynamic diameters MMP matrix metalloproteinase MPPD multiple path particle dosimetry Muc5AC mucin-5AC protein NAMs New Approach Methodologies NGRA next-generation risk assessment NOAEC no observed adverse effect concentration NOEC no observed effect concentration PBS phosphate-buffered saline PHMG polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate PLIER Pathway-level information extractor PoD point of departure QC quality control QCM quartz crystal microbalance REACH Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals SMC Sequential Monte Carlo SUET simulated use evaluation testing TEER trans-epithelial electrical resistance TIMP-1 tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 TNF tumour necrosis factor TWA time-weighted average uPA urokinase uPAR urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor References 1 AllenT

MAIT cells protect against pulmonary Legionella longbeachae infection