34 Angarita et al 15 found that pretreatment with a clinically relevant (antidiabetic) dose of exenatide (5 g, 0.02 mL) did not alter the cocaine-related behaviors or subjective effects such as euphoria and wanting cocaine in people with cocaine use disorder compared to placebo (saline 0.02 mL)
In addition, at 5 years, significantly fewer GLP-1 drug users (13.5%) than nonusers (19.9%) had died, for a 31% lower mortality risk with GLP-1 drug use (aSHR = 0.69
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3.1.3 Modulation of cytokines and chemokines Quantification of different cytokines and chemokines was performed with focus on those proteins involved in the inflammation (CCL2, CCL7, CCL26, CXCL10, CXCL11, ICAM-1, IL-1, osteopontin, IFN-, TNF-, IL-6, and IL-8), degradation of extracellular matrix/fibrosis (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1, uPAR, uPA, serpin E1, and TGF-1) and anti-inflammatory (IL-1ra) responses, as summarized in Table 4