Studies in mice revealed that dietary supplementation with TMAO, choline, or carnitine decreased reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) (Janeiro et al., 2018), a mechanism that counteracts excess cholesterol deposition in peripheral tissues by transporting excess cholesterol to the liver and small intestine (Chistiakov et al., 2015)
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 140:11031109 Hagar H, Husain S, Fadda LM, Attia NM, Attia MMA, Ali HM (2019) Inhibition of NF-B and the oxidative stress-dependent caspase-3 apoptotic pathway by betaine supplementation attenuates hepatic injury mediated by cisplatin in rats
The well-dispersed AuNP solution displays wine-red color, whereas the aggregated AuNP solution is blue
Lastly, a systematic review and meta-analysis published in Thyroid in 2016 found that selenium significantly reduced thyroid autoantibodies in people with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis