l carnitine as a supplement L-Carnitine Acetyl-L-Carnitine

Three different tests: Tendon outgrowth , how many cells grow out from a piece of tendon in the dish Wound healing assay , cells are grown as a monolayer, you make a scratch in it and observe how quickly it closes Cell survival , you add peroxide (oxidative stress, which normally kills cells) and observe how many survive What they found: Tenocytes grew faster and in a dose-dependent curve (the more BPC-157, the more growth) The scratch closed 1.8 faster at 1 g/ml BPC-157 Under oxidative stress, 22 % of cells survived without BPC-157, but 67 % with BPC-157 When they blocked the FAK enzyme, the effect disappeared mechanism confirmed Why it matters: This is not just a systemic effect via blood, BPC-157 directly modifies the biology of an individual cell

Nicotinamide analogs such as 6-methylaminonicotinamide form one class of NNMT inhibitors that work by mimicking the natural substrate, NAM, and competing for the enzymes active site 197

Preparations that had been characterized as GHK were, in plasma or in serum-containing medium, almost certainly GHK-Cu

2012;340(1):134-142.[DOI] 48